Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. Language as it evolved was just talking to an extent that can be very hard for we literate people to imagine. Stay with us. So that's a measurement difference of 100 percent of performance. L. Gable, et. For example, if you take seeds and put them in the ground, that's one thing. Relationships 2.0: What Makes Relationships Thrive | Hidden Brain Media Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. We'll be back momentarily. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. They often feel angry about it, and you think this anger is actually telling. Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. So what happens is that once literally comes to feel like it means really, people start using it in figurative constructions such as I was literally dying of thirst. You're not going to do any of the things that are seen as a foundation of our technological society. UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #3: (Speaking foreign language). Writing has come along relatively recently. Reframing Your Reality: Part 1 | Hidden Brain Media How to Foster Perceived Partner Responsiveness: High-Quality LIstening is Key, Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS), Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts are Influenced by Self-Esteem and Relationship Threat, Perceived Partner Responsiveness Minimizes Defensive Reactions to Failure, Assessing the Seeds of Relationship Decay: Using Implicit Evaluations to Detect the Early Stages of Disillusionment. For more on decision-making, check out our episode on how to make wiser choices. That's because change is hard. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #10: (Speaking Russian). VEDANTAM: Around the world, we often hear that many languages are dying, and there are a few megalanguages that are growing and expanding in all kinds of ways. VEDANTAM: Well, that's kind of you, Lera. This takes kids a little while to figure out, and he had all kinds of clever ways to ask these questions. Hidden Brain That's the way words are, too. Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, by Kennon M. Sheldon, Mike Prentice, and Evgeny Osin, Journal of Research in Personality, 2019. FDA blocks human trials for Neuralink brain implants. And they have correlated this with gender features in the language, just like the ones you were talking about. But things can be important not just because they're big. Hidden Brain: The Easiest Person to Fool on Apple Podcasts If a transcript is available, youll see a Transcript button which expands to reveal the full transcript. Marcus Butt/Getty Images/Ikon Images Hidden Brain Why Nobody Feels Rich by Shankar Vedantam , Parth Shah , Tara Boyle , Rhaina Cohen September 14, 2020 If you've ever flown in economy class. Languages are not just tools. For example, he might take a bunch of pictures of boys and girls and sort them and say, OK, this is a boy. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. BORODITSKY: One thing that we've noticed is this idea of time, of course, is very highly constructed by our minds and our brains. Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. Hidden Brain. They believe that their language reflects the true structure of the world. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #16: Not figuratively, it's literally MCWHORTER: Yeah. And if it was feminine, then you're likely to paint death as a woman. Long before she began researching languages as a professor, foreign languages loomed large in her life. Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Interpersonal Chemistry: What Is It, How Does It Emerge, and How Does it Operate? Whats going on here? Languages are not just tools to describe the world. BORODITSKY: Yeah. MCWHORTER: No, because LOL was an expression; it was a piece of language, and so you knew that its meaning was going to change. Perceived Partner Responsiveness as an Organizing Construct in the Study of Intimacy and Closeness, by Harry T. Reis, et. Of course, if you can't keep track of exactly seven, you can't count. When she was 12, her family came to the United States from the Soviet Union. We don't want to be like that. Maybe it's, even less than 100 meters away, but you just can't bring yourself to even throw your, coat on over your pajamas, and put your boots on, and go outside and walk those, hundred meters because somehow it would break the coziness, and it's just too much of, an effort, and you can't be bothered to do it, even though it's such a small thing. So in terms of the size of differences, there are certainly effects that are really, really big. VEDANTAM: It took just one week of living in Japan for Jennifer to pick up an important new term. And I kind of sheepishly confessed this to someone there. BORODITSKY: I spoke really terrible Indonesian at the time, so I was trying to practice. Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, by Harry Reis, Edward P. Lemay Jr, and Catrin Finkenauer, Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2017. MCWHORTER: Yeah, I really do. And then if you are going to be that elliptical, why use the casual word get? So it's easy to think, oh, I could imagine someone without thinking explicitly about what they're wearing. : A Data-Driven Prescription to Redefine Professional Success, by Lawrence S. Krieger and Kennon M. Sheldon, George Washington Law Review, 2015. How come you aren't exactly the way you were 10 years ago? And so for example, if the word chair is masculine in your language, why is that? The categorization that language provides to you becomes real, becomes psychologically real. Flight attendant Steven Slater slides from a plane after quitting. But what if it's not even about lust? Well, if you have a word like that and if it's an intensifier of that kind, you can almost guess that literally is going to come to mean something more like just really. If you're just joining us, I'm talking to John McWhorter. You also see huge differences in other domains like number. And if that is true, then the educated person can look down on people who say Billy and me went to the store or who are using literally, quote, unquote, "wrong" and condemn them in the kinds of terms that once were ordinary for condemning black people or women or what have you. Follow on Apple, Google or Spotify. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. GEACONE-CRUZ: It's a Sunday afternoon, and it's raining outside. We always knew that certain species of animals had abilities to orient that we thought were better than human, and we always had some biological excuse for why we couldn't do it. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #2: (As character) Right. A brief history of relationship research in social psychology, by Harry T. Reis, in Handbook of the History of Social Psychology, 2011. What techniques did that person use to persuade you? Watch Your Mouth | Hidden Brain : NPR How to Really Know Another Person - Transcripts They are ways of seeing the world. But we have plenty of words like that in English where it doesn't bother us at all. In this week's My Unsung Hero, Sarah Feldman thanks someone for their gift more than 20 years ago. But if you ask bilinguals, who have learned two languages and now they know that some genders disagree across the two languages, they're much less likely to say that it's because chairs are intrinsically masculine. by Harry T. Reis, Annie Regan, and Sonja Lyubomirsky, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2021. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways we can find joy and happiness in our everyday lives. Newer episodes are unlikely to have a transcript as it takes us a few weeks to process and edit each transcript. Listen on the Reuters app. BORODITSKY: It's certainly possible. al (Eds. How does that sound now? In The Air We Breathe : NPR We'll also look at how languages evolve, and why we're sometimes resistant to those changes. There's a way of speaking right. They shape our place in it. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Dont Know, Refusing to Apologize can have Psychological Benefits, The Effects of Conflict Types, Dimensions, and Emergent States on Group Outcomes, Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators, The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. So if the word for death was masculine in your language, you were likely to paint death as a man. All episodes of Hidden Brain - Chartable Hidden Brain Episodes Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. Many people have this intuition that, oh, I could never learn that; I could never survive in a community like this. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? The phrase brings an entire world with it - its context, its flavor, its culture. The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators and The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, by Neil Rackham and John Carlisle, Journal of European Industrial Training, 1978. So you may start with moving your southwest leg in, but then you have to move your northeast leg out. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. BORODITSKY: And when they were trying to act like Wednesday, they would act like a woman BORODITSKY: Which accords with grammatical gender in Russian. We'll begin with police shootings of unarmed Black men. Transcript - How language shapes the way we think by Lera Boroditsky.docx, The Singapore Quality Award requires organisations to show outstanding results, The following lots of Commodity Z were available for sale during the year, b The authors identify 5 types of misinformation in the abstract but discuss 7, 17 Chow N Asian value and aged care Geriatr Gerontol Int 20044521 5 18 Chow NWS, Writing Results and Discussion Example.docx, A 6 month old infant weighing 15 lb is admitted with a diagnosis of dehydration, ng_Question_-_Assessment_1_-_Proposing_Evidence-Based_Change.doc, The Social Security checks the Government sends to grandmothers are considered A, 03 If a covered member participates on the clients attest engagement or is an, AURETR143 Student Assessment - Theory v1.1.docx. JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. Language was talk. But, if you dig a little deeper, you may find that they share much more: they might make the same amount of money as you, or share the, We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. It's never going to. So you can't see time. MCWHORTER: Those are called contronyms, and literally has become a new contronym. It is the very fabric, the very core of your experience. We couldnt survive without the many public radio stations that support our show and they cant survive without you. This week, we revisit a favorite episode from 2021, bringing you two stories about how easy it can be to believe in a false reality even when the facts dont back us up. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? (Speaking Japanese). MCWHORTER: Yes, that's exactly true. But it turns out humans can stay oriented really, really well, provided that their language and culture requires them to keep track of this information. Yes! Please note that your continued use of the RadioPublic services following the posting of such changes will be deemed an acceptance of this update. What we think of today as a word undergoing some odd development or people using some new construction is exactly how Latin turned into French. Well, that's an incredibly large set of things, so that's a very broad effect of language. VEDANTAM: In the English-speaking world, she goes by Lera Boroditsky. And as you point out, it's not just that people feel that a word is being misused. But I don't think that it's always clear to us that language has to change in that things are going to come in that we're going to hear as intrusions or as irritating or as mistakes, despite the fact that that's how you get from, say, old Persian to modern Persian. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. And so language changed just like the clouds in the sky. Today, we explore the many facets of this idea. In the second episode of our "Relationships 2.0" series, psychologist Do you ever struggle to communicate with your mom? al (Eds. BORODITSKY: Actually, one of the first people to notice or suggest that this might be the case was a Russian linguist, Roman Jakobson. So it's, VEDANTAM: The moment she heard it, Jennifer realized mendokusai was incredibly. You know, there's no left leg or right leg. And when I listen to people having their peeves, I don't think, stop it. You may also use the Hidden Brain name in invitations sent to a small group of personal contacts for such purposes as a listening club or discussion forum. And it's sad that we're not going to be able to make use of them and learn them and celebrate them. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Of course, you also can't experience anything outside of time. MCWHORTER: Yes, Shankar, that's exactly it. MCWHORTER: Exactly. I think that the tone that many people use when they're complaining that somebody says Billy and me went to the store is a little bit incommensurate with the significance of the issue. And so for me, that question was born in that conversation of are there some languages where it's easier to imagine a person without their characteristics of gender filled in? But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. Hidden Brain - Transcripts Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, by Philip Tetlock, Psychology Review, 2002. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. All episodes of Hidden Brain - Chartable We talk with psychologist Iris Mauss, who explains why happiness can seem more elusive the harder we chase it, and what we can do instead to build a lasting sense of contentment. So act like Monday. VEDANTAM: Time is another concept that is also central to the way we see and describe the world. : The Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Benefits of Sharing Positive Events, Shelly. Because it was. podcast pages. This week on Hidden Brain, we explore how unconscious bias can infect a culture and how a police shooting may say as much about a community as it does about individuals. And as soon as I saw that happen, I thought, oh, this makes it so much easier. And in fact, speakers of languages like this have been shown to orient extremely well - much better than we used to think humans could. Transcript Speaker 1 00:00:00 this is hidden brain. So some languages don't have number words. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. I had this cool experience when I was there. Everyone wants to be loved and appreciated. So the question for us has been, how do we build these ideas? He's a professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University and the author of the book "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". What techniques did that person use to persuade you? And they suggest that differences across languages do, in fact, predict some of these measures of gender equality across countries. When we come back, we dig further into the way that gender works in different languages and the pervasive effects that words can play in our lives. The size of this effect really quite surprised me because I would have thought at the outset that, you know, artists are these iconoclasts. I'm Shankar Vedantam. And as odd as that sounds, I can guarantee you if you watch any TV show with women under a certain age or if you just go out on an American street and listen, you'll find that that's a new kind of exclamatory particle. You can support Hidden Brain indirectly by giving to your local NPR station, or you can provide direct support to Hidden Brain by making a gift on our Patreon page. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Freely Determined: What the New Psychology of the Self Teaches Us About How to Live, Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, Athletic Scholarships are Negatively Associated with Intrinsic Motivation for Sports, Even Decades Later: Evidence for Long-Term Undermining, Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, What Makes Lawyers Happy? Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. So that's an example of how languages and cultures construct how we use space to organize time, to organize this very abstract thing that's otherwise kind of hard to get our hands on and think about. There's a lowlier part of our nature that grammar allows us to vent in the absence of other ways to do it that have not been available for some decades for a lot of us. Hidden Brain Feb 23, 2023 Happiness 2.0: Surprising Sources of Joy Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. So I think it's an incredible tragedy that we're losing all of this linguistic diversity, all of this cultural diversity because it is human heritage. So you can't know how the words are going to come out, but you can take good guesses. And what's cool about languages, like the languages spoken in Pormpuraaw, is that they don't use words like left and right, and instead, everything is placed in cardinal directions like north, south, east and west. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. * Data source: directly measured on Listen Notes. And the way you speak right is not by speaking the way that people around you in your life speak, but by speaking the way the language is as it sits there all nice and pretty on that piece of paper where its reality exists. All sponsorship opportunities on Hidden Brain are managed by SXM Media. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. VEDANTAM: So I want to talk about a debate that's raged in your field for many years. He says there are things we can do to make sure our choices align with our deepest values. Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, by Amy Edmondson, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999. I'm Shankar Vedantam. Which I think is probably important with the reality that this edifice that you're teaching is constantly crumbling. But somehow they've managed, not just by randomly bumping into each other. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #5: (Speaking foreign language).